Necktie



Jun 24, 1947. F, TABO SKI 2,422,992

- NECKTIE Filed May 4, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 1 NVENTOR W ATTORNEYS June 24, 1947. F. TIABORSKI NEckTIE s Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 4 1945 ENTOR ATTORNEYS June 24, 1947. V 5 2,422,992

NECKTIE Filed May 4, 1945 :5 sheets-sheet s INVENTOR 57 fdQF/M ATTORNEYS Patented June 24, 1947 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE NECKT IE V Alfred F. Taborski, Bufialo, N. Y. t Application May l, 1945,: Scrial'No. 591,922

Claims.

This invention relates to preformed neckties of the type having preformed knot portions with textile members detachably coupled thereto.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved preformed necktie in which a plurality of difierent textile members may be detachably coupled to said knot portion; with which differently appearing'textile members may be selectively and alternately attached to the knot portion to vary the visual appearance of the tierwith which the attachment and detachment of the textile member will be a relatively simple matter and may be accomplished without injury to the textile material; with which the textile material, when detached from the knotportion; may lie perfectly flat and substantially ungathered for ease in cleaning and pressing; with which pulling stresses on the fabric member during which attachment and detachment maybe avoidedjand which will be relatively simple, practical and inexpensive. 7

'Another object of the invention is to provide an improved and simple preformed; tie; with which any of a plurality of different drapes and wing members may be alternately or selectively coupled to the knotportion for creating different visual efiects. I

Another object'of the invention is to provide improved means for attaching a member of textile material to the knot portion of a tie; with which the manipulation of attachment and detachment will be relatively simple and can be easily and rapidly performed with a minimum of danger to the material of -the fabric; which will not interfere with the external appearance "of the knot portion; and with which the coupling means will be effectively concealed. W

Another object of the invention isto provide improved means for attaching the knot portion of a preformed tie to the collar or neckband of ashir't. I

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved preformed tie, with which the visual appearance thereof" may be varied at will to a substantial extent and in a simple manner, and with which the knot portion will be confined 'to the collar at a desired inclination to the collar band. 1 j

Various other objects and advantages will ap pear from the following description of several embodiments of the invention, and the novel features will be particularly pointed-out hereinafter in connectionwith the appended claims.

, In the accompanying drawings: y x

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation through a tie constructed in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is a 'rear elevation of the same; Fig. 3 is a sectional plan of the same, the section 'being taken 'approximately along the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is'another sectional plan of .the same, the section being taken approximately along the line 4.4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5-is a perspective of a member by which the tie may be coupled to the collar or collar bandj- Fig. 6 is a perspective of a Wing element that maybe attached to andbe used with the tie illustrated in-Figs. 1to 4; j

Fig. 'Tis a slight modification thereof, by which different wing sections may be coupled to form a complete wing device shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. Sis a sectional elevation through part of the knot portion of the tie shown in Figs. 1 to 3, but illustratinga slight modification thereof;

Fig. 9 is a side elevationypartlyin section,of a tie also constructed j in accordancewith' this invention and illustrating a modification thereof;

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation through a coupling'elementby which the drape may be attached to the knot portion;

Fig. 11 is a longitudinal, sectional elevation through a tie also constructed in accordance with the invention, but illustrating another embodim'en't thereof; 7 y

Fig. 12 is a plan of the same; 7

Fig. '13 is a sectional plan of the same, the section being takenapproximately along the line l3-l3of Fig.11; and Fig. 14 is a bottom plan of the attaching pos of the same, as viewed along the line I4l4 of Fig. 111;" i 1 In the embodiment ofthe invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4, the improved tie of the preformed type includes a knot portion I having a preformed body 2 which has, inits interior, a recess 3 opening outwardly through the lower end of the knot portion. The lower endyof the body 2 is provided with a plurality of slots 4 extending'in an endwise direction from the lower endtowards, but not entirely to, the opposite end, so as to provide a plurality of spring. fingers. An attaching member in the nature of a post or pin 5 is of a size to enter the open, lower end of the recess 3 and slide along it, and, has a length such that when the post isfullywithin the recess. 3, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a substantial end portion 6 thereof will depend below the body 2 of the knot portiong A drape or element 1 of textile material has one end thereof wrapped largely around the depending end 6 of the post so as to conceal the post, and with the post forming a rigid extension of the drape. The drape may be formed of one or two pieces and is detachably secured to the depending end 6 in any suitable manner such as by threads B. The end of the drape which is attached to the post 5 is preferably and normally fiat and ungathered, so that it may be cleaned and pressed whiledetached from the post 5.

The wall portions of the spring fingers in the recess 3 are provided with undulations, such as corrugations, the ribs and valleys of which run or extend in a direction crosswise of the longitudinal axis of the recess 3, with the'undulations and ribs of each finger aligned, in a direction transversely of the axis of the recess, withthose of the other fingers. The periphery of thepost 5, at the end received in the recess 3, is peripherally corrugated with the valleys progressing around the post so that when the post is inserted into the recess, the corrugations or undulations of the surface ofpost '5 will cam aside thefingers or spread them in passingtheribs on the fingers, and as the post moves into its final position in the knot portion, the ribs or hills on the fingers will engage in the valleys of the post so as to yieldingly and resiliently hold the post '5 against accidental and unintentional .removal, and with the end of the drape which is attached to the depending end 6 slightly entering and closing the lower end of the recess 3, as shown in Fig. 1. Since the post '5 has a depending end 6 to which the drape is attached, this depending end serves as-a convenient but concealed handle that may be grasped and pulled when one desires to detach the drape from a knot portion. Drapes of dif- .ferent materials, shapes, colorsand patterns may be attached to individual posts 5, so that they may be easily and quickly inserted alternately .andselectively-in the knot portion so as to vary the visual effect of the tie.

The.bodyi2 may be formed of any suitable material, either of molded material, or .cut or machined fromia suitable solid object. Preferably itis formed o'famolded plastic material of either thermo-plastic or 'thermo-setting types. The 1 body '2 'is provided at-its upper end W h a 5 0i? 3 which extends Vertically when the knot .portion is at the proper angle at which it.is worn on a collar band. The slot Bhas an undercut portion 9 at each side, with serrations, teeth or notches 'l'll .along the undercut side walls. A U-shaped member H '(Fig. 5) of any suitable or relatively rigid, but springy or resilient material, has its .arms parallel and spaced .apart, but relatively close together. One arm is provided with a slot 1 2 extending from its free end nearly to the cross bar of the U, and that arm has a width from edge to edge which corresponds approximately to the width of the undercut part 9 of the slot 8 so that 'itmay'be received in the slot -8 and moved endwise therein .to'different distances, with the other arm of the U extending along the rear face of the knot ,portion, as s'hownin Figs. 1 and 2.

The side edges of the arm having the slot I2 are-provided with teeth I3 which normally engage in the notches formed by th teeth I-U .inthe undercut part 9 of the slot 8 of the knot portion. The side edge portions of the arm of the member II which has the slot l2, may spring towards each other because of the slot l2, and this enables the teeth 13 to snap from groove to groove or notch to notch of the serrations l 0 of the undercut portion of the slot 8. Thus the member ll may be adjusted vertically in the knot portion by merely moving it vertically, during which the teeth 13 snap from notch to notch of the serrations, and the member I I will thus be held yieldingly in any of a plurality of different, adjusted positions. The other arm l4 of the member H, is provided with a slot l 5, so that it may straddle the shank of the collar button, with the head l6 of the'collar button received between'the arms of the member l-l Thus when'the arm is hooked downwardly over a collar button carried by the collar band l1, Fig. 1, the knot portion I will be supported at the proper inclination or angle in front of the collar band.

The member H may have, adjacent the cross part of the U, laterally extending ears I8 with apertures I9 therein, in which may be engaged hooks 'onthe end of an elastic band (not shown) that encircles the collar band. This makes it possible for one to attach this preformed tie either directly .over the collar button as shown in Fig. 1, or by an elastic band that encircles the collar.

This-body 2 of thelknotportion may also have, in its upper end face adjacent opposite sides, two parallel recesses 20, see Figs. 1,2 and 4 in which maybe tightly fitted suitable depending arms of members2 I, shown in dash lines in-Fig. 4. These members2l may be ornamentalmemberssuch as wings, or they may be members which serve to attach the knot portion to the-collarband when the slot 8 is used to support ornamental wings such as'showninFigs. 6 and 7.

InFig. 6 amember 22 of-general U-shape has one .arm :23 iormed to'enter the undercut'part 9 of the slot -8, and this arm may have a slot 24 and. serrated-side edgeslS, sothat when this arm 23 is passed downwardly in the slot 8 in place of the member -I I, it will be yieldingly anchored therein but adjustable to different heights. The other arm of the U of this member 22 may have side wings '26 as in Fig. -6 which 'extend from opposite sides of the rear of the knot portion, or

' the same arm .of this member 22 may have separately formed and'detachable wings 21 coupled to the outer depending arm of the member 22, such as by a suitable fastener 28, as shown in Fig. '7.

The wings 26 may have any desired outline, finish or appearance, so as to create a desired visual effect, or Wings 21 'of different outlines, materials, colors and appearances may be combined, as shown irrFig. 7, in diiferent combinations on themember 2'2 -to produce different appearances. Thus any of several wing devices of the type shown in either Fig. 6-or 7 maybe alternately inserted in the knot portion, and interchanged when one desires to create different visualappearances.

In Fig. 8 a slight modification of th invention shownin Figs. 1 to 4 is illustrated, in which the rear finger of those formed by the slots-4 in the body 2 is provided with a set screw 29 that may be adjusted inwardly .to engage the post -5 after its insertion, and thus provide a positive anchorage .for the .post 5. The screw 29 may be quickly and easily turned to release the post 5 for removal, when one desires to press the drape or substitute a diiferentdrape. In this embodiment of the invention the-slots 4 will be so arranged that the set screw 29 will beat the rear, so as not to be visible while the tie is worn, yet convenient for operation when one desires to substitute a new d p In another embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the knot portion includes a core or body 30 having a recess 3| opening outwardly through the lower end thereof. This recess 3| is outwardly divergent, and near its upper or inner end is provided with peripherally extending grooves 32 separated by lands. An anchorage member 33, shown separately and on a larger scale in Fig. 10, is a tubular member having a slot 34 in one end and a slot 35 i the other end, and both slots extending towards each other for a portion only of the length of the member 33. The end having the slot 34 is substantially smaller than the opposite end, and is peripherally corrugated as at 36 so that when the member 33 i inserted in the recess 3|, with its smaller end first, the slot 34 will allow that end to be compressed, and the corrugations 35 may snap successively into the different grooves 32 in the wall of the recess and provide a resilient or yielding anchorage for the member 33. 1

A clamping ring or sleeve 31 surrounds the member 33, and it has a smaller internal diameter than the maximum external diameter of the larger or outer end of the member 33, so that when this clamping sleeve 31 is moved endwise toward the larger end, it will compress or constrict that larger end, which is permitted by the slot 35, to a substantial extent. One or more textile elements or drape members 38 is first inserted in the larger end of the member 33 while that member is withdrawn from the body 30, and while the clamping sleeve 31 is displaced upon a smaller portion of the membe 33. After the ends of the the drapes so as to increase the frictional grip thereon. This gripping is shown in Fig. 9 and,

with the drapes attached to the member 33, the latter can then be inserted in the body 30 into the position shown in Fig. .9. By pulling downwardly on the drapes 38, the member 33 maybe pulled out of the recess after which the drapes can be changed, or pressed and cleaned, and then new, different or clean drapes reapplied.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 11 to 14, the knot portion 40 includes a body 4| of th desired shape of the knot portion,

and is preferably formed of a soft material having the general softness of the knot portion of a tie formed of textile material, such as cork, felt, papier-mach and rubber. This body 4| is formed of two telescoping members or sections 42 and 43, with the outer section 43 longer than the inner section and having a passage 43a which opens through the body at opposite walls or ends. In the example given, this recess 43a extends endwise of. member 43. The inner member 42 is formed in cross section to fit and slide along the recess 43a from the upper end thereof, and this member also has a central recess 44 extending a substantial distance from its lower end. The inner member 42 is provided with endwise slots 45 (see Fig. 13) extending from its inner end a substantial distance and forming a plurality of concentrically arranged spring fingers 45a at the inner end of this member 42. The fingers so formed, normally have some clearance with the wall of the recess 43a so that they may spring outwardly for a purpose which will appear presently. The wall of the recess 44in the member 42 is provided with annular grooves 46, and a post or attaching member 41 is slidable lengthwise in the recess 44.

The inner end of the post 41 is provided with a convex nose 48 to facilitate its insertion into the recess 44, and it is provided with annula grooves 49 that provide between the grooves convex humps that snap into the grooves 46. As the post or member 41 slides endwise in recess 44, the annular convex humps thereof will cam the spring fingers 45a apart and snap from one groove 46 to another, so that the post will be held yieldingly within the recess 44. The clearance between the exterio of the fingers 45a of member 42 and the recess 43a is suflicient to allow the sprin fingers to separate or spread outwardly when sprung apart by the insertion of the post 41. The lower end of the post 41 has a rearwardly and downwardly extending arm 50 which serves as a convenient handle by which the post or membe 41 may be inserted or removed from the knot portion.

This arm 50 engages against the lower, end face of the body 4| when the post 41 is fully within the recess 44, and bysuch engagement normally prevents removal of the member 42 upwardly from the recess 43a, The inner member 42, at its upper end, is provided with laterally extendin arms 5| which are received flush in grooves 52 in the upper end face of the body 4|, and these arms 5| serve as abutments or shoulders which engage with an end of the body 4| to limit movement of the member 42 into the body 4|. Thus the arms 5| prevent removal of the post 41 from the body, and the post 41 prevents removal of the member 42 from the body 4!, unless the post 41 and member 43' are separated by a force sufiicient to spring the arms 45a of member 42 apart sufiiciently to pass the annular convex humps on the post 41. V

The lower or outer end of each post 41 is provided with a slot 53 see Fig. 14, which extends endwise of the post for a substantial distance from that end, and an end of a drape or textile element may be disposed in this slot 53 and secured therein in any suitable mannerg Preferably the outside periphery of the lower end of the post 41 above the arm 50 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 55, which grooves have diameters increasing progressively towards the lower or free end of the post. A split ring 56 of resilient material such as spring, steel or brass, surrounds the post 41 in the portion or zone having the grooves 55, so that when-the ring 55 is moved downwardly on the post, it will, a it engages in grooves 55 of increasing diameters, force together the portions of the lower, end of the post on opposite sides of the slot 53 so as to provide a resilient clamping pressure on the end of the drape or element 54-which is received in the slot 53.

To release the drape for pressing or cleaning, the post 41 is first removed from the member 43 by pulling downwardly on the arm 55, and then split ring 55 is moved upwardly into a groove 55 of a smaller diameter to release the end of the drape 54. It will be noted that the ring 56 and the zone of the post having the grooves 55 are within the chamber formed in the body 4| by termination of the member 42 before it reaches the lower end of the recess 43a.

The ends o'fjth'e arms 5l "are provided with loops or eyes 5! to which books on the 'end of an elastic neck ban or strap (not shown) may be attached for securing the knot portion at the front of a collar band of a shirt. The eyes 5-? are so positioned that when connected to a neckband or strap and applied to a collar band, the knot portion 4D will be held at the proper angle of inclination, such as shown in Fig. '11, so as to simulate the normal position of the knot portion of a well-formed four-*in-hand tie.

'The body of each knot portion in each embodiment of the invention may have a covering thereover when desired, and such covering may be a sleeve of knit textile fabric which stretches to tightly lit the body of the knot portion. This covering is indlcated'at 58 in theembo'diment of Figs. 1 to 4, part of it being broken away at its upper end in Fig. l and to a larger'extent in Fig. 2, and at 59 in Figs. 11 to 14, it being understood that in Fig. 13, this covering 59 has been removed. 'This covering 59 preferably extends slightly below the lower end "face of the body 4| so as to conceal as much as possible, the lower end of the post 47. The body which forms the main part of the knot portion of the tie in each of the embodiments may, if desired, be formed of plastic materials of the thermo-setting or thermo-plastic types, and may, of course, be used without the coverings 58 and 59, if desired.

The body of the knot portion in any of the forms of this invention may, if desired, when used without a covering, have one or more recesses 60, see Fig. 1, formed therein just beneath the front face and extending downwardl from the upper end, so that different display elements may be secured to the knot portion, -'or difierent colored materials may be placed in these cavities or slots 60 when the body of the knot portion is formed of translucent or transparent material, 1

so that a contrasting color of the material disposed in the cavity or recess (ill will give a visual and attractive, contrasting appearance.

It will be understood that various changes in the details, materials and arrangements of parts, which have been herein described and illustrated in order to explain the nature of the invention, may be made by those skilled in the art within the principle and scope of the invention, as expressed in the appended claims.

I claim:

-1. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having an opening in a wall thereof and a core surrounding said opening and formed of spring fingers which are arranged side by side, between them defining a passage, and extending in a direction lengthwise of the core for a substantial distance, said fingers-along said passage being'undulatory with the valleys and ribs extending in directions crosswise of the fingers, a plug having a size to enter said passage between said fingers and having peripheral grooves and ribs with which the undulationsof said fingers may engage to yieldingly lock the plug within said core, and a drape secured-to the lower end of said plug and coupled to the knot portion through said plug, and with the drape and plug closing said opening and the drape concealing the outer end of said plug.

2. A preformed necktiecomprising a knot portion having an opening extending upwardly into the same from'its lower end,-a=plug having a cross sectional size which will enter said opening and passalong-it to a substantial-extent, with a portion depending from the knot portion when the plug is advanced to the maximum permissible extent 'in said opening, said knot portion having therein, and bordering said opening, resilient members yieldingly gripping said post so 'as to is releasably secure it within the knot portion, and a drape secured at one end to andconcealing the depending end of said post, movable therewith, and effective, when the post is within said opening, to close the lower end of said opening, whereby the drape and post may be attached to and detached from the knot portion as a unit.

3. A'preformed necktie comprising a knot portion "having a recess therein opening outwardly therefrom, a member 'insertable into and out of said recess through said opening and formed at its outer end to receive and hold a drape, the inner end of said member and the wall of said recess having interengaging surfaces that have peripherally extending ribs spaced apart by Valleys in a direction along the length of said member, relatively sliding in the direction of theiength of the recess for releasably anchoring said member in said recess.

4. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having therein a recess opening outwardly through the surface of said knot portion, a member formed to enter said recess 'throughsaid opening, said knot portion and member having interengaging abutting surfaces within said recess, sliding yieldinglypast each other as said member moves in a straight, endwise direction, for detachably coupling said member within said recess, said member, 'at its outer end, extendingbeyond said recess, and formed to receive and detachably hold the ungathered end of a woven textile element, with the textile element entering, closing and concealing said'opening when attachedto said-member and the member is within said recess.

5. A preformed necktie comprising a body hav- 40 ing arecess, open at both ends through the upper and lower ends thereof, an element entering the recess from the upper part thereof, slidingly received in said recess and having an abutment engaging with said body for limiting its move- 45 ment downwardly in said recess, a drape, and-a member attached to said drape entering said recess from the lower end, and detachably interlocked with said core through the lower opening of said recess, whereby different drapes may be 5 detachably coupled to said body.

6. A reformed necktie comprising a'body having a recess, open at both ends through the upper and lower ends thereof, an element entering the recess from the upper part thereof, slidingly re- 5 ceived in said recess and having laterally extending arms engaging with the upper end face of said body to limit the movement of said core downwardly in said recess, a drape, and'a member attached "to said drape, entering said recess'from v the lower end, and detachably interlocked with said core through the lower opening of said recess, whereby different drapes maybe detachably noupled to said body.

7. A preformed necktie comprising a'body hav- '65 ing a recess, open at both ends through the upper and lower ends thereof, an element entering the recess from the upper part thereof, slidingly received in said recessand having laterally extending arms engaging with the upper end face of 7'0 said body to limit the movement of said core downwardly in said recess, a drape, and a member attached'to said drape, entering saidrecess from the lower end, and detachably interlocked with said core through the lower'opening of said recess,

whereby different drapes may be detachably coupled to said body, said laterally extending arms being formed for attachment to a neck strap.

8. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having a body with a recess therein, extending through the upper and lower ends thereof to form a passage therethrough, a member formed to slidingly enter said recess at its upper end, said body and member having interengaging parts limiting movement of said member into said recess, a drape, and an attaching member to which said drape is detachably coupled, formed for entrl into said recess through the lower open end thereof, said members having detachable interengagement within said recess, whereby said drape and attaching member normally prevent removal of each other from the recess.

9. A preformed necktie comprising a body having a recess opening outwardly, the side wall of the recess being undulatory, a member of resilient material formed to enter said recess and slotted for a substantial distance from its enter ing end, a side wall of said member which enters said recess being also formed with a hump which snaps from undulation to undulation along wall of said recess as it moves along the recess to yieldingly resist attachment and detachment of said member, and an element of textile material coupled to the outer end of said member.

10. A preformed necktie comprising a body having a recess therein, a member detachably secured in said recess and having a tubular lower end slotted in a lengthwise direction and an out Wardly divergent side wall, a sleeve slidable on said member towards said outer end and having a diameter slightly smaller than said divergent end, whereby movement of said sleeve over said slotted end will constrict said slotted end, and a member of textile material detachably clamped in said tubular end by it constriction through movement of said sleeve over the slotted end.

11. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having a recess, a coupling member slidable endwise into and out of said recess, said knot portion and member having, within the recess, interfitting undulatory surfaces which resist endwise movement of said member in said re" cess, one of said interengaging surfaces being transversely yieldable to yieldingly allow relative sliding movement of the other surface therepast as said member moves into and out of said recess, and an element of textile material coupled at one end to the outer end of said member.

12. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having an outwardly opening recess, an attaching member movable endwise into and out of said recess, said knot portion being formed of two sections telescoping in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of said member, the inner one of said sections being hollow with a passage open at its inner end and receiving said member, the engaging walls of said passage and aid inner section having interengaging undulatory surfaces which resist relative endwise movement of said member and inner section, one of said engaging surfaces being resiliently supported to yield in a direction crosswise of said endwise movement and enable relative endwise movement of said member and inner section, said member and inner section having portions engaging with said outer section to limit their movement into said outer section, whereby said member, by its coupling to said 10 inner section, normally prevents movement of said inner section out of said outer section, and said inner section prevents removal of said member from said outer section, and a textile element coupled to said member for attachment thereby to said knot portion.

13. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having an outwardly opening recess, a member slidable endwise into and out of said recess, said member and knot portion having interengaging surfaces within said recess, one of which is yieldable in a direction crosswise of the direction of movement of said member into and out of said recess, at least one of said surfaces having a plurality of transverse teeth and the other having a part yieldingly snapping over said teeth as said member moves into and out of said recess, whereby said interengaging surfaces adjustably and yieldingly hold said member within said recess, and a textile element coupled at one end to the outer end of said member, whereby said element may be attached to and detached from said knot portion by movement of said member into and out of said recess.

14. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having an outwardly opening recess, a member slidable endwise into and out of said recess, said member and knot portion having interengaging surfaces within said recess, one of which is yieldable in a direction crosswise of the direction of movement of said member into and out of said recess, whereby said interengaging surface yieldingly hold said member within said recess, the outer end of said member having an opening progressing in a direction lengthwise thereof, a textile element having one end disposed in said opening of said member at its outer end, and means carried by said outer end so as to constrict said opening and clamp said textile element therein, whereby said textile element may be attached to and detached from said knot portion by sliding said member into and out of said recess, and said textile element may be detached from said member for cleaning and pressing.

15. A preformed necktie comprising a knot portion having a recess, a member slidable endwise into and out of said recess, said knot portion and said member having, within the recess, interfitting undulatory surfaces with the undulations transverse to the longitudinal axis of said recess which resist endwise sliding movement between them, the wall of one of said surfaces being resiliently yieldable toward and from said axis to enable said surfaces to pass during said endwise movement of said member, the outer end of said member and exteriorly of the knot portion carrying an ornamental element with a relatively broad ace.

ALFRED F. TABORSKI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 769,506 Stark Sept. 6, 1904 772,801 Groll Oct. 18,

1,900,800 Clark Mar. '7, 1933 1,974,528 Brown Sept. 25, 1934 2,411,907 Taborski Dec. 3, 1946 

